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Sludge Dewatering Test (PAC + Cationic PAM)

Sludge Dewatering Test (PAC + Cationic PAM)

 

Find the best PAC and PAM dosages for your sludge.

What You Need

 PAC 1.png

Step 1: Find Best PAC Dosage

Step 1: Finding the Optimal PAC Dosage

Mix the sludge fully. Pour 1000 ml of sludge water into 6 beakers.

Add the PAC solution as follows:

Stir rapidly (200-300 rpm , about 30-60 seconds)

Stir slowly (40-60 rpm, about 2-5 minutes).

Let stand for 5-10 minutes.

 PAC2.png

Option the 1-2 beakers with the largest, densest flocs, find optimal PAC dosage.

 

Step 2: Find Best PAM Dosage

Treat all beakers using the optimal PAC dosage from Step 1 (e.g., beaker #6: 10 ml PAC).

Add different amounts of 0.2% PAM solution.

Stir slowly (40-60 rpm for 2-3 minutes).

Let stand for 10-20 minutes.

 PAC3.png

 Pick the beaker with:

✅ Largest, densest flocs

✅ Fastest settling

✅ Clearest supernatant

This is your optimal PAM dosage.

PAC.png



Critical Rules

Rule

Why

PAC first, then PAM

Order cannot be reversed

PAM is very little

~1/500 to 1/200 of PAC dose

Mix sludge well before use

Ensures same starting condition

Use PAM within 24 hours

Solution degrades quickly




Troubleshooting

Problem

Cause

Fix

Small flocs, slow settling

Too little PAC/PAM

Increase dose

Floating flocs, no settling

Too much PAM

Decrease PAM

Flocs break apart

Mixing too fast

Reduce speed




Summary

6 beakers, same sludge (1L each)

Add PAC, then add PAM

Pick the beaker with the best flocs, fastest settling, and clearest water

That's your optimal dosage.

PAM.png

 


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